一全文逐句语法解读
本课围绕 打电话，重点是 反意疑问句（isn't it? / aren't you? / don't you?）与 打电话的常用语（Is that you? / Yes, speaking.）。
¶ 1 · 反意疑问句（句 12、14、16）
| 句子 | 语法点 |
|---|
| That is John Smith, isn't it? | 反意疑问 前肯后否，用来求证 |
| You are John Smith, the engineer, aren't you? | be 动词的反意疑问用 aren't you |
| You work for the Overseas Engineering Company, don't you? | 实义动词的反意疑问用 don't you |
¶ 2 · 打电话常用语（句 1、2、5）
| 句子 | 语法点 |
|---|
| Is that you, John? | 打电话时用 Is that…? 询问对方身份 |
| Yes, speaking. | speaking 可译作“请讲”，是接电话的常用应答 |
| Hasn't Mary told you? | 否定疑问句，隐含“不是应该已经告诉了吗” |
¶ 3 · 宾语从句与时间表达（句 3、7、9、10）
| 句子 | 语法点 |
|---|
| I don't know when I'll finish. | when 引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序 |
| I said I would be at your house at six o'clock. | 间接引语中 will → would |
| my wife wants to know if Mary needs any help. | if 引导宾语从句，意为“是否” |
二固定搭配与重点词组
| 短语 | 用法与例句 |
|---|
| Is that you? | 打电话时询问对方身份。 |
| Yes, speaking. | 请讲。（接电话的常用应答） |
| be late for | 迟到。be late for dinner。 |
| invite sb. to dinner | 邀请某人吃饭。 |
| by the way | 顺便说一下。 |
| work for + 单位 | 在……工作。 |
三语法核心总结
- 反意疑问句：前肯后否（isn't it? / aren't you? / don't you?），用来求证或寻求认同。
- 打电话时用 Is that you? 询问对方身份，用 Yes, speaking. 应答。
- if / when 引导的宾语从句要用陈述语序：I don't know when I'll finish.
- 本课生词 5 个全部嵌入课文句子，无遗漏。