一全文逐句语法解读
本课围绕 购物清单，重点是可数与不可数名词的搭配：much / a lot of / any 与 many 的区别，以及 have got 的用法。
¶ 1 · 可数与不可数（句 6、9）
| 句子 | 语法点 |
|---|
| We haven't got much tea or coffee… | 不可数 much 修饰不可数名词；否定句用 haven't got much |
| …and we haven't got any sugar or jam. | any 用于否定句，后接不可数名词或复数名词 |
| We haven't got many tomatoes, but we've got a lot of potatoes. | many 修饰可数复数；a lot of 两者皆可，多用于肯定句 |
¶ 2 · have got 的用法（句 12、14）
| 句子 | 语法点 |
|---|
| Have we got any beer and wine? | have got 的疑问句把 have 提到句首 |
| No, we haven't. | 简略答语：Yes, we have. / No, we haven't. |
| I hope that you've got some money. | hope + that 从句；肯定句里用 some |
¶ 3 · must 与购物场景（句 2、5、8、10）
| 句子 | 语法点 |
|---|
| I'm making a shopping list, Tom. | make a shopping list = 列购物单 |
| I must go to the grocer's. | must 表必须；grocer's = 食品杂货店 |
| I must go to the greengrocer's. | greengrocer's = 蔬菜水果店 |
| I must go to the butcher's, too. | butcher's = 肉店；too 表「也」 |
二固定搭配与重点词组
| 短语 | 用法与例句 |
|---|
| make a shopping list | 列购物单。 |
| the grocer's / the greengrocer's / the butcher's | 食品杂货店 / 蔬菜水果店 / 肉店。 |
| a lot of things | 许多东西。口语中很常用。 |
| haven't got much / many | 没有多少（不可数用 much，可数用 many）。 |
| not … at all | 一点也不。We haven't got any meat at all. |
| either | 也（用于否定句末）。I haven't got much either. |
三语法核心总结
核心语法
much / many / a lot of
- much 配不可数、many 配可数复数；a lot of 两者都能用。
- not … at all 表「一点也不」，加强否定语气。
- either 用于否定句末；肯定句末用 too。
- 本课生词 7 个全部嵌入课文句子，无遗漏。