新概念英语第二册 Lesson 3 · 语法精读与固定搭配分类
本课是「假期被明信片毁掉」的自嘲式记叙，语法主线是 一般过去时（大量不规则动词）、teach / lend 的双宾语结构，以及 a few 与 a single 的用法。
| 句子 | 语法点 |
|---|---|
| Postcards always spoil my holidays. | 一般现在时 陈述一贯事实 · 主语复数 → 动词用原形 spoil · always 放实义动词前 |
| Last summer, I went to Italy. | go 的不规则过去式 went · 国名 Italy 前不加 the，也不加介词 |
| I visited museums and sat in public gardens. | visited / sat 都是过去式（sit → sat）· in public gardens 表示「在公园里」 |
| A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. | 双宾语 teach sb sth：教某人某事 · teach 的过去式 taught · a few + 可数名词复数 |
| Then he lent me a book. | 双宾语 lend sb sth = 借给某人某物（lend 的过去式 lent）· 与 borrow sth from sb 方向相反 |
| I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. | read 的过去式拼写不变、读音变/red/ · 否定用 did not + 原形 |
| 句子 | 语法点 |
|---|---|
| Every day I thought about postcards. | think 的过去式 thought · think about = 想着、考虑 |
| My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. | passed 规则变化 · send 的过去式是 sent，但 not 后必须用原形 send · send sth to sb |
| On the last day I made a big decision. | make 的过去式 made · make a decision = 作出决定 |
| I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. | buy 的过去式 bought · thirty-seven 这类几十几的合成数词中间要加连字符 |
| I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card! | spend 的过去式 spent · the whole day = 一整天 · a single card 用在否定句里，加强「连一张都没有」的语气 |
| 短语 | 用法与例句 |
|---|---|
| teach sb sth | 教某人某事：He taught me a few words of Italian. 也可说 teach sth to sb |
| lend sb sth | 借给某人某物：He lent me a book.；借入用 borrow sth from sb |
| a few + 复数名词 | 有几个、一些：a few words / a few lines；a little 后接不可数名词 |
| think about | 想着、考虑：I thought about postcards every day. |
| make a decision | 作出决定；口语也说 make up one's mind |
| the whole day | 一整天；all day 同义，the whole day 更强调「整整」 |
本课不规则动词 go→went · sit→sat · teach→taught · lend→lent · think→thought · make→made · buy→bought · spend→spent，一共 8 个，建议单独抄成一张表背。