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新概念英语第二册 Lesson 17 · 语法精读与固定搭配分类

NCE Book 2 · Lesson 17（课本印刷页 76-79）· 5 个生词和短语 · 课文 8 句

一全文逐句语法解读

本课是「姑妈珍妮弗不服老」的小品文。语言点集中在 must be 表推测（而不是「必须」）、in spite of 表让步、have to 的过去式与将来式，以及 dress / stockings / socks 这类衣物名词与介词 in 的搭配。

句子	语法点
My aunt Jennifer is an actress.	介绍身份用一般现在时 · actress 是「女演员」
She must be at least thirty-five years old.	must be 表示有把握的推测「一定……」，不是「必须」· at least 至少
In spite of this, she often appears on the stage as a young girl.	in spite of + 名词／代词＝尽管，表让步（后面不接句子）· appear as … 扮演……

句子	语法点
Jennifer will have to take part in a new play soon.	have to 强调客观需要，will have to 是其将来形式 · take part in 参加（活动）
In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black stockings.	in + 颜色／衣物＝穿着 · must 在此表剧本要求的「必须」

句子	语法点
Last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress.	had to 是 have to 的过去式 · orange-coloured 是「名词 + -ed」构成的复合形容词
If anyone ever asks her how old she is, she always answers, 'Darling, it must be terrible to be grown up!'	how old she is 是宾语从句，用陈述语序 · it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 to be grown up

must be

表有把握的推测：She must be thirty-five.

have to

表客观需要：had to（过去）／will have to（将来）

让步短语

in spite of + 名词（＝ despite）

宾语从句语序

how old she is（陈述语序，不能说 is she）

must be 与 must do：must be 是「一定是」（推测）；must do 是「必须做」（义务）。课文里 She must be at least thirty-five years old. 是推测，不是「她必须 35 岁」。
in spite of 后面不接句子：In spite of this …（✓）／In spite of she is old …（✗，应改用 although she is old）。
dress / stockings / socks 的区别：dress 是连衣裙，stockings 是长筒袜，socks 是短袜；表示「穿着」一律用介词 in，不用 wear 的进行时。