新概念英语第二册 Lesson 27 · 语法精读与固定搭配分类

一全文逐句语法解读

本课是「露营遇雨」的记叙文。语言点集中在 过去时态的交替使用（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时）、as soon as 引导的时间状语从句、put up / put out 这类 put 短语动词，以及 wind / wound 这种同形不同音的不规则动词。

句子	语法点
Late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field.	put up 搭起（帐篷）· in the middle of 在……中央
As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire.	as soon as 一……就……，引导时间状语从句 · over an open fire 在明火上
They were all hungry and the food smelt good.	smell 是感官系动词，后接形容词 · smelt 是 smell 的过去式（也写作 smelled）
After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the campfire.	by the campfire 在营火旁 · sang 是 sing 的过去式

句子	语法点
But some time later it began to rain.	begin to do sth. 开始做某事 · some time later 过了一会儿
The boys felt tired so they put out the fire and crept into their tent.	put out 扑灭（火）· crept 是 creep 的过去式，表示「轻手轻脚地走」
Their sleeping bags were warm and comfortable, so they all slept soundly.	复合名词 sleeping bag 的复数加在 bag 上 · sleep soundly 睡得很香

句子	语法点
In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began shouting.	wake up 醒来 · began shouting ＝ began to shout，开始大叫
The tent was full of water!	be full of 装满、充满
They all leapt out of their sleeping bags and hurried outside.	leap out of 从……中跳出 · leapt 是 leap 的过去式（也写作 leaped）
It was raining heavily and they found that a stream had formed in the field.	过去进行时描写背景，had formed 用过去完成时表示在 found 之前就已形成
The stream wound its way across the field and then flowed right under their tent!	wind one's way 蜿蜒而行；wound 是 wind 的过去式 · right under 正好在……下面

短语	用法与例句
put up	搭起（帐篷）、举起、张贴。
put out	扑灭（火、灯）。
in the middle of	在……中间／中央。
sleep soundly	睡得很香、睡得很沉。
wind one's way	蜿蜒而行：The stream wound its way across the field.

过去进行时

was/were + doing：描写背景动作（It was raining heavily）

过去完成时

had + 过去分词：先完成的动作（a stream had formed）

put 短语

put up 搭起 · put out 扑灭 · put on 穿上

不规则动词

creep-crept · leap-leapt · wind-wound · sing-sang

put 的短语动词要整体记：put up 搭起、put out 扑灭、put on 穿上、put off 推迟，后面跟的介词不同，意思完全不同。
smell 是感官系动词：the food smelt good 中 good 是表语形容词，不能换成 well。同类还有 taste、sound、feel、look。
wound 在这里不是「伤口」：本课 wound 是 wind（蜿蜒）的过去式，读 /waʊnd/；而表示「伤口」的 wound 读 /wuːnd/。