🔍 A car called Bluebird “蓝鸟”汽车

新概念英语第二册 Lesson 72 · 语法精读与固定搭配分类

NCE Book 2 · Lesson 72（课本印刷页 324-327）· 7 个生词和短语 · 课文 10 句

一全文逐句语法解读

本课是一则赛车纪录的报道。语言点集中在 the first + 名词 + 不定式、过去完成时的被动语态（had been specially built / had been made）、have difficulty (in) doing sth.，以及 follow in one's footsteps 等短语。

¶ 1 · 纪录的诞生（句 1-3）

句子	语法点
The great racing driver, Sir Malcolm Campbell, was the first man to drive at over 300 miles per hour.	the first + 名词 + 不定式 the first man to drive：第一个驾驶……的人 · at over 300 miles per hour 以每小时 300 多英里的速度 · racing driver 赛车手
He set up a new world record in September 1935 at Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah.	set up a record 创造纪录 · a world record 世界纪录 · Bonneville Salt Flats 邦纳维尔盐滩 · Utah 犹他州
Bluebird, the car he was driving, had been specially built for him.	同位语 Bluebird 与 the car he was driving 呼应，he was driving 是定语从句（关系代词省略）· 过去完成时的被动语态 had been specially built · specially 专门地

¶ 2 · 车的性能与故障（句 4-5）

句子	语法点
It was over 30 feet in length and had a 2,500-horsepower engine.	over 30 feet in length 长度超过 30 英尺（in length 表量度）· a 2,500-horsepower engine 一台 2500 马力的发动机
Although Campbell reached a speed of over 304 miles per hour, he had great difficulty in controlling the car because a tyre burst during the first run.	让步状语从句 although 引导 · reach a speed of 达到……的速度 · have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 · 原因状语从句 because 引导 · a tyre burst 一只轮胎爆了 · the first run 第一轮行驶

¶ 3 · 平均速度的误会（句 6-8）

句子	语法点
After his attempt, Campbell was disappointed to learn that his average speed had been 299 miles per hour.	be disappointed to learn 得知……很失望 · 宾语从句 that 引导 · average speed 平均速度 · attempt 尝试
However, a few days later, he was told that a mistake had been made.	被动语态 was told / had been made · a few days later 几天之后 · make a mistake 出错
His average speed had been 301 miles per hour. Since that time, racing drivers have reached speeds of over 600 miles an hour.	过去完成时 had been · 现在完成时 have reached · since that time 从那时起（与现在完成时连用）

¶ 4 · 子承父业（句 9-10）

句子	语法点
Following in his father's footsteps many years later, Sir Malcolm's son, Donald, also set up a world record.	follow in one's footsteps 步某人的后尘，子承父业 · many years later 许多年之后 · 现在分词短语 Following … 作状语 · also 也
Like his father, he was driving a car called Bluebird.	like his father 像他父亲一样（介词短语作状语）· a car called Bluebird 一辆叫“蓝鸟”的汽车（过去分词短语作后置定语）· 结尾与开篇的 Bluebird 呼应，收束全文

二固定搭配与重点词组

短语	用法与例句
set up a record	创造纪录：He set up a new world record in September 1935。
in length	在长度上：It was over 30 feet in length。
have difficulty (in) doing sth.	做某事有困难：he had great difficulty in controlling the car。
average speed	平均速度：his average speed had been 299 miles per hour。
make a mistake	出错：a mistake had been made。
since that time	从那时起（与现在完成时连用）：Since that time, racing drivers have reached…。
follow in one's footsteps	步某人的后尘，子承父业：Following in his father's footsteps。

三语法核心总结

the first + 名词 + 不定式

the first man to drive at over 300 miles per hour

过去完成时被动

had been specially built / had been made

have difficulty (in) doing sth.

做某事有困难

现在分词作状语

Following in his father's footsteps many years later

the first man to drive at over 300 miles per hour：名词前有 the first / the last / the only 等序数或限定词时，后面的定语常用不定式，不用定语从句。同类还有 He was the last man to leave.（他是最后一个离开的人。）
have difficulty (in) doing sth.：he had great difficulty in controlling the car 中的 in 常被省略，写成 have difficulty doing sth.。difficulty 前可加 great / much / some / no 等修饰，注意不能说 have difficulty to do。
since that time 与现在完成时：Since that time, racing drivers have reached speeds of over 600 miles an hour. since 引导的时间状语与现在完成时搭配，表示「从那时起一直到现在」。这与前一句的过去完成时 had been 形成时态层次：先有 301 英里的成绩，此后人们又不断刷新。