🔍 SOS 呼救信号

新概念英语第二册 Lesson 75 · 语法精读与固定搭配分类

NCE Book 2 · Lesson 75（课本印刷页 350-353）· 6 个生词和短语 · 课文 10 句

一全文逐句语法解读

本课是一则空难求生记。语言点集中在 Snow lay thick on the ground 这类系动词用法、It was not long before … 句型、stamp out 等短语动词，以及 现在分词短语作状语（covering them with …）。

¶ 1 · 空难与幸存（句 1-2）

句子	语法点
When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago, it crashed in the mountains and its pilot was killed.	时间状语从句 when 引导 · fly off course 偏离航线 · a light passenger plane 一架轻型客机 · crash in the mountains 在山中坠毁 · 被动语态 was killed 丧生
The only passengers, a young woman and her two baby daughters, were unhurt.	the only passengers 仅有的乘客 · 同位语说明乘客身份 · be unhurt 未受伤 · 用 the only 强调「仅有的」，为下文的绝境作铺垫

¶ 2 · 寒冬中的雪地（句 3-4）

句子	语法点
It was the middle of winter. Snow lay thick on the ground.	lie + 形容词 Snow lay thick on the ground：地上积着厚厚的雪（lie 作系动词，表状态）· the middle of winter 隆冬 · lay 是 lie 的过去式
The woman knew that the nearest village was miles away.	宾语从句 that 引导 · the nearest village 最近的村庄 · miles away 数英里之外

¶ 3 · 箱子当床（句 5-6）

句子	语法点
When it grew dark, she turned a suitcase into a bed and put the children inside it, covering them with all the clothes she could find.	时间状语从句 when 引导 · turn A into B 把 A 变成 B · grow dark 变黑（grow 作系动词）· 现在分词短语作状语 covering them with …（表伴随）· all the clothes she could find 她能找到的所有衣服（定语从句，关系代词省略）
During the night, it got terribly cold. The woman kept as near as she could to the children and even tried to get into the case herself, but it was too small.	get cold 变冷（get 作系动词）· terribly 极其（修饰形容词）· as near as she could 尽可能靠近（as … as one can）· try to do sth. 试图做某事

¶ 4 · 雪地求救（句 7-10）

句子	语法点
Early next morning, she heard planes passing overhead and wondered how she could send a signal.	hear sb./sth. doing sth. 听见……正在做…… · passing overhead 从头顶飞过 · wonder how … 想知道怎样才能…… · send a signal 发信号
Then she had an idea. She stamped out the letters 'SOS' in the snow.	have an idea 有了一个主意 · stamp out 踩出（stamp 意为「跺，踩」）· the letters 'SOS' 三个字母 SOS · in the snow 在雪地上
Fortunately, a pilot saw the signal and sent a message by radio to the nearest town.	fortunately 幸运的是 · by radio 用无线电 · send a message to 给……发消息 · the nearest town 最近的城镇
It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.	It was not long before … 不久……就…… · on the scene 在现场 · rescue 营救 · survivor 幸存者 · 现在分词这里的不定式 to rescue 作目的状语

二固定搭配与重点词组

短语	用法与例句
fly off course	偏离航线：a light passenger plane flew off course。
the middle of winter	隆冬：It was the middle of winter。
lie + 形容词	（物体）以某状态存在：Snow lay thick on the ground。
turn A into B	把 A 变成 B：she turned a suitcase into a bed。
hear sb./sth. doing sth.	听见……正在做……：she heard planes passing overhead。
have an idea	有了一个主意：Then she had an idea。
stamp out	踩出，跺灭：She stamped out the letters 'SOS' in the snow。
It was not long before …	不久……就……：It was not long before a helicopter arrived。

三语法核心总结

lie + 形容词

Snow lay thick on the ground

现在分词作状语

covering them with all the clothes she could find

hear sb. doing sth.

she heard planes passing overhead

It was not long before …

不久……就……

Snow lay thick on the ground 的 lie：这里 lie 是系动词，意为「处于（某状态）」，后接形容词 thick。注意区分三个易混动词：lie（lay, lain）躺／位于；lie（lied, lied）说谎；lay（laid, laid）放置。
hear sb. doing sth.：she heard planes passing overhead 表示「听见飞机正在头顶飞过」，强调动作正在进行；若说 hear planes pass overhead，则强调听见「整个过程」。同类动词还有 see、watch、notice。
It was not long before …：It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene … 意为「不久一架直升机就到达了现场」。before 引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，整个句型表示「没过多久就……」。