新概念英语第二册 Lesson 76 · 语法精读与固定搭配分类
本课是一则愚人节玩笑。语言点集中在 现在完成进行时（have been expecting / has been working / has been helping）、现在完成时的被动语态（has been grown / is processed），以及新闻播报常用的 bulletin、go over to 等用语。
| 句子 | 语法点 |
|---|---|
| "To end our special news bulletin," said the voice of the television announcer, "we're going over to the macaroni fields of Calabria." | to end our special news bulletin 作为这则特别新闻简报的结尾 · go over to 转到（某地）· the macaroni fields 通心粉田 · Calabria 卡拉布里亚（意大利地名）· 直接引语被插说部分（said the voice of …）分为两半，注意引号配对 |
| "Macaroni has been grown in this area for over six hundred years." | 现在完成时的被动语态 has been grown：已被种植 · for over six hundred years 六百多年来 · 用被动语态突出「通心粉」这一话题主语 |
| 句子 | 语法点 |
|---|---|
| "Two of the leading growers, Giuseppe Moldova and Riccardo Brabante, tell me that they have been expecting a splendid crop this year and harvesting has begun earlier than usual." | 现在完成进行时 have been expecting：一直在期待 · 宾语从句 that 引导 · a splendid crop 一次大丰收 · earlier than usual 比往常早 · 同位语说明两位种植者的姓名 |
| "Here you can see two workers who, between them, have just finished cutting three cartloads of golden brown macaroni stalks." | 定语从句 who 引导 · between them 两人协力 · 现在完成时 have just finished cutting · three cartloads of 三车…… · golden brown 金黄色的 |
| 句子 | 语法点 |
|---|---|
| "The whole village has been working day and night gathering and threshing this year's crop before the September rains." | 现在完成进行时 has been working：一直在干 · day and night 日夜不停 · gathering and threshing 收割和脱粒（现在分词短语作状语，表方式）· before the September rains 赶在九月雨季之前 |
| "On the right, you can see Mrs. Brabante herself. She has been helping her husband for thirty years now." | on the right 在右边 · herself 亲自（反身代词加强语气）· 现在完成进行时 has been helping（一直帮了三十年） |
| 句子 | 语法点 |
|---|---|
| "Mrs. Brabante is talking to the manager of the local factory where the crop is processed. This last scene shows you what will happen at the end of the harvest: the famous Calabrian macaroni-eating competition!" | 定语从句 where 引导，修饰 the local factory · 被动语态 is processed：被加工 · 宾语从句 what will happen（会发生的）· the end of the harvest 收获结束之时 |
| "Signor Fratelli, the present champion, has won it every year since 1991." | Signor 先生（意大利语称呼语）· the present champion 现任冠军 · has won it every year since 1991 自 1991 年以来年年夺冠（现在完成时 + since） |
| "And that ends our special bulletin for today, Thursday, April 1st. We're now going back to the studio." | that ends … 今天的……到此结束 · April 1st 4 月 1 日（愚人节，全文的「谜底」）· the studio 演播室 · 结尾以日期点破玩笑，回味整篇「通心粉丰收」的荒诞 |
| 短语 | 用法与例句 |
|---|---|
| go over to | 转到（某地）：we're going over to the macaroni fields of Calabria。 |
| day and night | 日夜不停：The whole village has been working day and night。 |
| between them | 两人协力：two workers who, between them, have just finished cutting…。 |
| a cartload of | 一车……：three cartloads of golden brown macaroni stalks。 |
| earlier than usual | 比往常早：harvesting has begun earlier than usual。 |
| since + 时间点 | 自从……以来（与现在完成时连用）：has won it every year since 1991。 |
| for + 时间段 | 持续……（与完成时连用）：for over six hundred years / for thirty years now。 |