新概念英语第二册 Lesson 81 · 语法精读与固定搭配分类
本课是一则战俘逃跑的故事。语言点集中在 过去完成时（had killed / had escaped）、过去分词短语作状语（dressed in …）、as 引导的时间状语从句，以及 stand to attention、knock sb. to the ground 等短语。
| 句子 | 语法点 |
|---|---|
| When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes. | 时间状语从句 when 引导 · 过去完成时 had killed（先杀死卫兵，再拖走尸体）· the prisoner of war 战俘（常缩写为 POW）· drag sb. into 把某人拖进 |
| Working rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead man's clothes. | 现在分词短语作状语 Working rapidly in the darkness · in the darkness 在黑暗中 · change into 换上（衣服）· the dead man 死者 |
| 句子 | 语法点 |
|---|---|
| Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp. | 过去分词短语作状语 dressed in a blue uniform · with a rifle over his shoulder 肩上挎着来福枪（with 复合结构）· march up and down 来回踱步 · in front of the camp 在营房前面 |
| He could hear shouting in the camp itself. Lights were blazing and men were running here and there: they had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped. | hear shouting 听见喊叫声 · lights were blazing 灯火通明 · here and there 到处 · 过去完成时 had escaped（在「发现」之前已逃走）· the camp itself 营房本身（itself 加强语气） |
| 句子 | 语法点 |
|---|---|
| At that moment, a large black car with four officers inside it, stopped at the camp gates. | at that moment 就在那时 · with four officers inside it 里面坐着四名军官（with 复合结构）· the camp gates 营房大门 |
| The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed. | get out 下车 · stand to attention 立正 · salute 行礼 · 时间状语从句 as 引导（当……的时候） |
| When they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him. The man obviously wanted to talk. | 时间状语从句 when 引导 · 过去完成时 had gone · come towards 走向 · obviously 显然 |
| 句子 | 语法点 |
|---|---|
| He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes. | rather 相当 · elderly 上了年纪的 · with grey hair and clear blue eyes 长着灰白头发和一对明亮的蓝眼睛（with 表特征） |
| The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was nothing else he could do. As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow. Then, jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could. | feel sorry for sb. 为某人感到难过 · 时间状语从句 as 引导 · knock sb. to the ground 把某人打倒在地 · a sharp blow 猛烈的一击 · 现在分词短语作状语 jumping into the car · drive off 把车开走 · as quickly as he could 尽可能快地（＝ as quickly as possible） |
| 短语 | 用法与例句 |
|---|---|
| prisoner of war | 战俘（缩写 POW）：the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes。 |
| change into | 换上（衣服）：he soon changed into the dead man's clothes。 |
| dressed in | 穿着：dressed in a blue uniform。 |
| march up and down | 来回踱步：the prisoner marched boldly up and down。 |
| here and there | 到处：men were running here and there。 |
| stand to attention | 立正：the prisoner stood to attention and saluted。 |
| feel sorry for sb. | 为某人感到难过：The prisoner felt sorry for him。 |
| as quickly as one could | 尽可能快地：he drove off as quickly as he could。 |