🔍 A fantasy 纯属虚构

新概念英语第二册 Lesson 95 · 语法精读与固定搭配分类

NCE Book 2 · Lesson 95（课本印刷页 430-433）· 11 个生词和短语 · 课文 9 句

一全文逐句语法解读

本课是一则虚构的讽刺小品。语言点集中在 虚拟条件句（If I had been, I would not have been able to …）、go on doing sth.、set sth. on fire、break out、aim sth. at sb. 等固定表达，以及 have sth. done（get that fellow posted）这一使役结构。

¶ 1 · 大使的狼狈相（句 1-3）

句子	语法点
When the Ambassador of Escalopia returned home for lunch, his wife got a shock.	时间状语从句 when 引导 · return home for lunch 回家吃午饭 · get a shock 吃了一惊 · 一开篇就抛出悬念，随后才慢慢道出原委
He looked pale and his clothes were in a frightful state.	look pale 脸色苍白 · in a frightful state 处于可怕的状态 · 由人到衣，两笔就把狼狈相写足
"What has happened?" she asked. "How did your clothes get into such a mess?"	get into a mess 弄得一团糟 · such a mess 如此脏乱 · 两个疑问句连发，语气急切

¶ 2 · 灭火器与大使馆（句 4-6）

句子	语法点
"A fire extinguisher, my dear," answered the Ambassador drily. "University students set the Embassy on fire this morning."	drily 冷淡地，枯燥无味地（形容大使的回答不以为意）· set sth. on fire 放火烧某物 · the Embassy 大使馆 · 大使的回答故意省去主语和谓语，只答出关键信息，更显冷淡
"Good heavens!" exclaimed his wife. "And where were you at the time?"	Good heavens! 天哪！（表示惊讶的感叹语）· exclaim 惊叫 · at the time 当时 · 与丈夫的冷静形成对比
"I was in my office as usual," answered the Ambassador. "The fire broke out in the basement. I went down immediately, of course, and that fool, Horst, aimed a fire extinguisher at me. He thought I was on fire. I must definitely get that fellow posted."	as usual 像往常一样 · break out（火灾、战争等）突然发生 · aim sth. at sb. 把某物对准某人 · that fool, Horst 同位语，含轻蔑语气 · be on fire 着火 · get sb. posted 把某人调走（get + 宾语 + 过去分词，表示使某事被做）· definitely 肯定地

¶ 3 · 帽子上的洞（句 7-9）

句子	语法点
The Ambassador's wife went on asking questions, when she suddenly noticed a big hole in her husband's hat.	go on doing sth. 继续做某事 · a big hole in her husband’s hat 丈夫帽子上的一个大洞 · 此处 when 表示「就在这时」，引出新的情节转折
"And how can you explain that?" she asked.	用 how can you explain that 追问，语气里已带怀疑 · 由「灭火器」转到「帽子」，话题一换，讽刺意味更浓
"Oh, that," said the Ambassador. "Someone fired a shot through my office window. Accurate, don't you think? Fortunately, I wasn't wearing it at the time. If I had been, I would not have been able to get home for lunch."	fire a shot 开了一枪 · through my office window 从我办公室的窗外 · accurate 准确的 · don’t you think? 你说是不是？（反问，语气自得）· 虚拟条件句（与过去相反） If I had been, I would not have been able to get home for lunch.（从句用 had been，主句用 would not have been able to）· be able to do sth. 能够做某事 · 结尾以「幸亏没戴帽子」消解危险，笑话顺势收尾

二固定搭配与重点词组

短语	用法与例句
return home for lunch	回家吃午饭：returned home for lunch。
get a shock	吃了一惊：his wife got a shock。
in a frightful state	处于可怕的状态：his clothes were in a frightful state。
get into a mess	弄得一团糟：How did your clothes get into such a mess?
set sth. on fire	放火烧某物：University students set the Embassy on fire。
as usual	像往常一样：I was in my office as usual。
break out	（火灾等）突然发生：The fire broke out in the basement。
aim sth. at sb.	把某物对准某人：aimed a fire extinguisher at me。
get sb. posted	把某人调走：I must definitely get that fellow posted。
go on doing sth.	继续做某事：went on asking questions。
fire a shot	开了一枪：Someone fired a shot through my office window。

三语法核心总结

虚拟条件句（与过去相反）

If I had been, I would not have been able to get home for lunch

get sth. done

使某事被做：get that fellow posted

go on doing sth.

继续做某事

when 表「就在这时」

went on asking questions, when she suddenly noticed …

If I had been, I would not have been able to …：这是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。从句 If I had been (wearing it) 省略了重复部分，只留 had been；主句用 would not have been able to do sth.。全句意为「要是当时戴着帽子，我就不能回家吃午饭了」，把「中弹」说得轻描淡写，正是本课的幽默所在。
get sth. done 结构：get + 宾语 + 过去分词，意为「使某事被做」「把某事处理好」。本课 I must definitely get that fellow posted. 即「我一定要把那个家伙调走」，posted 表示「被派往他处任职」。同类还有 get the work done、get my hair cut。
break out / set sth. on fire：break out 指火灾、战争、疾病等「突然爆发」，不及物：The fire broke out in the basement.；set sth. on fire 意为「放火烧某物」，是及物结构：University students set the Embassy on fire.。两者常在同一话题中出现，要注意区分。