语法一致
| 主谓一致 | 指句子的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上要保持一致,主要遵循三个原则 一、语法一致二、意义一致三、就近/就远一致 |
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| 一、语法一致(主语和谓语从语法形式上保持一致) | |||
| 1.由单个动名词v-ing、不定式to do 作主语时,谓语动词用单数 | |||
| Drinking milk is good for your health. / To work out the problem is difficult. | |||
| 2. and/ both...and...连接的是并列主语时两个或两个以上的人或事物时,谓语动词用复数; 若并列主语表示同一人或事物(and 后面的主语无冠词),谓语动词用单数 |
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| Tom and Jerry are good friends. / The writer and teacher is Ms. Green.(and 后无冠词) | |||
| 3.复合不定代词(如someone、everything)作主语时,谓语动词用单数 | |||
| Everyone is here. | |||
| 4.有些只有复数形式的名词(如trousers、glasses)单独作主语时,谓语动词用复数; 但当这些词前有pair/ piece/ bottle 等表示度量的词修饰时,由这些表示度量的词决定单复数 |
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| The trousers are comfortable./ This pair of trousers is comfortable. | |||
| 5. [a number of +可数名词复数]作主语,谓语动词用复数(表示许多,中心词是可数名词复数) | |||
| [the number of +可数名词复数]作主语,谓语动词用单数(表示……的数量,中心词是number) | |||
| A number of trees are planted. / The number of students in our class is 50. | |||